Categories of the cognitive process dimension and related cognitive processes
1 – Remember – is about retrieving relevant knowledge from long-term memory.
2- Understand – is about constructing meaning from instructional messages, including oral, written, and graphic communication.
3 – Apply – is about carrying out or using a procedure in a given situation.
4 – Analyze – is about breaking material into constituent parts and determining how parts relate to one another and an overall structure or purpose.
5 – Evaluate – is about making judgments based on criteria and standards.
6 – Create – is about putting elements together to form a coherent or functional whole; reorganizing pieces into a new pattern or structure.
Please see below the levels of knowledge used in the Foundation Level syllabus (appendix B)
Level 1: Remember (K1)
The candidate will recognize, remember and recall a term or concept. Keywords: Identify, remember, retrieve, recall, recognize, know
Examples:
Can recognize the definition of “failure” as:
– “Non-delivery of service to an end user or any other stakeholder” or
– “Deviation of the component or system from its expected delivery, service or result”
Level 2: Understand (K2)
The candidate can select the reasons or explanations for statements related to the topic, and can summarize, compare, classify, categorize and give examples for the testing concept.
Keywords: Summarize, generalize, abstract, classify, compare, map, contrast, exemplify, interpret, translate, represent, infer, conclude, categorize, construct models
Examples:
Can explain the reason why test analysis and design should occur as early as possible:
– To find defects when they are cheaper to remove
– To find the most important defects first
Can explain the similarities and differences between integration and system testing:
– Similarities: the test objects for both integration testing and system testing include more than one component, and both integration testing and system testing can include non-functional test types
– Differences: integration testing concentrates on interfaces and interactions, and system testing concentrates on whole-system aspects, such as end-to-end processing
Level 3: Apply (K3)
The candidate can select the correct application of a concept or technique and apply it to a given context. Keywords: Implement, execute, use, follow a procedure, apply a procedure
Examples:
– Can identify boundary values for valid and invalid partitions
– Can select test cases from a given state transition diagram in order to cover all transitions
Reference (For the cognitive levels of learning objectives)
Anderson, L. W. and Krathwohl, D. R. (eds) (2001) A Taxonomy for Learning, Teaching, and Assessing: A Revision of Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, Allyn & Bacon: Boston MA
